Major Aspects: Conjunction, Opposition, Trine & Planetary Relationships

BY NICOLE LAU

Introduction to Aspects

Aspects are the angular relationships between planets in the birth chart, representing how planetary energies interact, support, or challenge each other. While signs show how planets express themselves and houses show where, aspects reveal the dynamics between planets—whether they work together harmoniously, create tension that drives growth, or blend their energies into something new.

Understanding aspects is crucial for chart interpretation, as they add nuance, complexity, and depth to the birth chart. This guide explores the five major aspects—conjunction, opposition, trine, square, and sextile—plus their meanings, interpretations, and how to work with their energies.

The Nature of Aspects

What Are Aspects?

Aspects are specific angular distances between planets, measured in degrees around the 360-degree zodiac wheel. Each aspect has a distinct quality and meaning based on its geometry and the relationship it creates between planetary energies.

Orbs: The Range of Influence

Aspects don't have to be exact to be effective. The 'orb' is the allowable deviation from the exact degree. Common orbs:

• Conjunction, Opposition, Square, Trine: 8-10 degrees
• Sextile: 6-8 degrees
• Tighter orbs: Stronger, more noticeable effects
• Wider orbs: Weaker, more subtle effects

Applying vs. Separating

• Applying: Faster planet moving toward exact aspect (building energy)
• Separating: Faster planet moving away from exact aspect (releasing energy)
• Exact: Peak intensity of the aspect

The Five Major Aspects

1. Conjunction ☌ (0 Degrees)

Angle: 0° (planets in same sign/degree)
Orb: 8-10°
Nature: Neutral (depends on planets involved)
Symbol: ☌
Keywords: Fusion, blending, intensity, new beginning

Core Meaning

The conjunction occurs when two planets occupy the same degree (or nearly so), blending their energies into a unified force. The planets function as one, their energies inseparable. Conjunctions are neither inherently harmonious nor challenging—their nature depends on the planets involved and how well their energies combine.

Psychological Dynamics

• Fusion: The two planetary functions merge and operate as one
• Intensity: Combined energy is amplified and concentrated
• Inseparability: Difficult to separate the two functions
• New Beginning: The start of a new cycle between the planets

Harmonious Conjunctions

Some planets blend well:

• Sun-Jupiter: Confidence, optimism, expansion of identity
• Venus-Jupiter: Love of beauty, generosity, social grace
• Moon-Venus: Emotional warmth, nurturing love

Challenging Conjunctions

Some planets create tension when combined:

• Sun-Saturn: Restricted self-expression, heavy responsibility
• Mars-Saturn: Frustrated action, controlled anger
• Moon-Pluto: Intense emotions, power struggles in nurturing

Working with Conjunctions

• Recognize the blended nature of the energies
• Develop both planetary functions together
• Use the intensity constructively
• Integrate the combined energy into your identity

2. Opposition ☍ (180 Degrees)

Angle: 180° (planets across the chart from each other)
Orb: 8-10°
Nature: Dynamic tension, awareness
Symbol: ☍
Keywords: Polarity, projection, awareness, balance

Core Meaning

The opposition occurs when two planets are directly across the chart from each other, creating a polarity. The planets pull in opposite directions, creating tension but also awareness. Oppositions demand integration of opposite energies and often involve projection onto others.

Psychological Dynamics

• Polarity: Two opposite but complementary energies
• Projection: Tendency to see one planet in others, not self
• Awareness: The tension creates consciousness and insight
• Balance: The challenge is to integrate both sides
• Relationship: Often plays out through partnerships

Common Oppositions

• Sun-Moon: Conscious will vs. emotional needs, inner conflict
• Venus-Mars: Love vs. desire, attraction vs. action
• Mercury-Jupiter: Details vs. big picture, facts vs. philosophy
• Saturn-Uranus: Structure vs. freedom, tradition vs. innovation

Working with Oppositions

• Recognize both sides of the polarity within yourself
• Stop projecting one side onto others
• Find the middle ground and integration
• Use the awareness the tension creates
• See oppositions as complementary, not contradictory

3. Trine △ (120 Degrees)

Angle: 120° (planets in same element)
Orb: 8-10°
Nature: Harmonious, flowing, easy
Symbol: △
Keywords: Harmony, talent, ease, flow

Core Meaning

The trine occurs when two planets are 120 degrees apart, usually in the same element (fire, earth, air, or water). Trines create harmony, ease, and natural talent. The planetary energies flow together effortlessly, supporting each other.

Psychological Dynamics

• Harmony: The energies naturally support each other
• Talent: Natural abilities and gifts
• Ease: Things come easily, without effort
• Flow: Energy moves smoothly between the planets
• Complacency: Can lead to laziness or taking gifts for granted

Elemental Trines

• Fire Trines: Enthusiasm, creativity, inspiration flows easily
• Earth Trines: Practical skills, material success, stability
• Air Trines: Mental agility, communication, social ease
• Water Trines: Emotional intelligence, intuition, empathy

Common Trines

• Sun-Moon: Harmony between will and emotions, inner peace
• Venus-Jupiter: Natural charm, artistic talent, good fortune in love
• Mercury-Uranus: Brilliant mind, innovative thinking
• Mars-Pluto: Powerful will, transformative action

Working with Trines

• Recognize and develop your natural talents
• Don't take the ease for granted—use it actively
• Share your gifts with others
• Be aware of potential complacency
• Use the harmony to support challenging aspects

4. Square □ (90 Degrees)

Angle: 90° (planets in conflicting elements/modalities)
Orb: 8-10°
Nature: Challenging, dynamic, growth-oriented
Symbol: □
Keywords: Tension, conflict, action, growth

Core Meaning

The square occurs when two planets are 90 degrees apart, usually in signs of the same modality but different elements. Squares create friction, tension, and conflict that demand action and resolution. They're challenging but drive growth and achievement.

Psychological Dynamics

• Tension: The energies clash and create friction
• Conflict: Internal or external struggles
• Action: The tension demands resolution through action
• Growth: Challenges that force development
• Achievement: Overcoming squares builds strength and skill

Modal Squares

• Cardinal Squares: Conflict in initiation, leadership struggles
• Fixed Squares: Stubborn conflicts, resistance to change
• Mutable Squares: Scattered energy, conflicting adaptations

Common Squares

• Sun-Saturn: Restricted self-expression, authority conflicts, delayed success
• Moon-Mars: Emotional volatility, anger issues, impulsive reactions
• Venus-Uranus: Unstable relationships, need for freedom in love
• Mercury-Neptune: Confused thinking, difficulty with facts vs. imagination

Working with Squares

• Accept the tension as a catalyst for growth
• Take action to resolve the conflict
• Don't avoid the challenge—face it directly
• Use the friction to build strength and skill
• Recognize that squares create achievers

5. Sextile ⚹ (60 Degrees)

Angle: 60° (planets in compatible elements)
Orb: 6-8°
Nature: Harmonious, opportunistic, requires effort
Symbol: ⚹
Keywords: Opportunity, cooperation, potential, effort

Core Meaning

The sextile occurs when two planets are 60 degrees apart, usually in compatible elements (fire-air or earth-water). Sextiles create opportunities and potential, but unlike trines, they require conscious effort to activate. They're harmonious but not automatic.

Psychological Dynamics

• Opportunity: Potential for positive outcomes
• Cooperation: Energies work well together when engaged
• Effort Required: Must be consciously activated
• Potential: Latent abilities that need development
• Versatility: Flexible, adaptable energy

Elemental Sextiles

• Fire-Air: Ideas inspire action, enthusiasm supports thinking
• Earth-Water: Practicality supports emotion, feeling grounds manifestation

Common Sextiles

• Sun-Mars: Confident action, healthy assertiveness
• Moon-Mercury: Emotional intelligence, good communication of feelings
• Venus-Neptune: Artistic sensitivity, romantic idealism
• Mercury-Saturn: Disciplined thinking, practical communication

Working with Sextiles

• Actively seek out the opportunities they offer
• Make conscious effort to develop the potential
• Use sextiles to support and ease challenging aspects
• Don't wait for sextiles to activate—engage them
• Develop the skills and abilities they indicate

Aspect Patterns

Grand Trine

Three planets forming an equilateral triangle (all 120° apart), usually in one element. Creates great harmony and talent but can indicate complacency.

Grand Cross

Four planets forming a square (all 90° apart), creating two oppositions. Intense tension and challenge but tremendous potential for achievement.

T-Square

Three planets: two in opposition with a third squaring both. Focused tension with the squared planet as the release point.

Yod (Finger of God)

Two planets in sextile both forming quincunxes (150°) to a third planet. Indicates a special mission or destiny.

Interpreting Aspects

Step-by-Step Process

1. Identify the planets: What functions are involved?
2. Identify the aspect: What's the relationship?
3. Consider the signs: How are the energies expressed?
4. Consider the houses: Where does this play out?
5. Synthesize: How do these energies interact in this person's life?

Example Interpretation

Mars square Saturn in the birth chart:

• Planets: Action/desire (Mars) vs. structure/limitation (Saturn)
• Aspect: Square = tension, conflict, growth through challenge
• Meaning: Frustrated action, controlled anger, obstacles to assertiveness, but potential for disciplined achievement through persistent effort

Correspondences Table

Further Study

Aspects:

• Aspects in Astrology by Sue Tompkins
• The Astrology of Fate by Liz Greene
• Dynamics of Aspect Analysis by Bil Tierney

Conclusion

Aspects reveal the dynamics between planetary energies in the birth chart, showing how different parts of the psyche interact, support, or challenge each other. By understanding the five major aspects—conjunction, opposition, trine, square, and sextile—you gain insight into the internal dynamics that shape personality, behavior, and life experience. Aspects add depth, nuance, and complexity to chart interpretation, transforming a collection of planetary placements into a living, dynamic whole.

May you understand your aspects. May you work with their energies wisely. May you integrate all parts of yourself.