Rune Meanings: 24 Elder Futhark Symbols

11 Februari 2026

BY NICOLE LAU

Rune Meanings: 24 Elder Futhark Symbols

Each of the 24 Elder Futhark runes carries deep meaning, ancient wisdom, and practical guidance. This is your complete reference guide to all rune meanings - perfect for quick lookup during readings or deep study.

How to Use This Guide

For Quick Reference

Look up rune during readings
Check meanings when studying
Keep your Elder Futhark Tapestry nearby for visual reference
Journal interpretations in your Elder Futhark Runes Journal

For Deep Study

Study one rune per day or week
Meditate on each symbol
Notice how meanings reveal themselves in your life
Build personal relationship with each rune

First Aett: Freya's Eight

The first aett relates to primal forces, creation, and material world.

1. Fehu (ᚠ) - Cattle, Wealth

Literal Meaning: Cattle, mobile property

Core Essence: Abundance, prosperity, fulfillment

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Financial gain, success, new income, abundance flowing, material wealth, fulfillment of desires
Reversed: Financial loss, greed, poverty consciousness, blocked abundance, need to reassess values

Magical Use: Attracting wealth, prosperity spells, abundance rituals

Keywords: Money, success, nourishment, movable wealth, circulation

Meditation: What does true wealth mean to you? How can you circulate abundance?

2. Uruz (ᚢ) - Aurochs, Wild Ox

Literal Meaning: Wild ox (now extinct)

Core Essence: Primal strength, vitality, raw power

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Physical strength, good health, new beginnings, vitality, untamed energy, healing, endurance
Reversed: Weakness, illness, missed opportunities, misdirected force, need to build strength

Magical Use: Healing, strength spells, vitality, overcoming obstacles

Keywords: Power, health, formation, manifestation, wild energy

Meditation: Where is your primal power? How can you channel raw energy constructively?

3. Thurisaz (ᚦ) - Giant, Thorn

Literal Meaning: Giant, thorn

Core Essence: Protection, conflict, breakthrough force

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Protection, defensive action, conflict, breakthrough, powerful change, gateway, contemplation before action
Reversed: Danger, betrayal, defenselessness, hasty action, malice, need for caution

Magical Use: Protection spells, banishing, breaking through obstacles

Keywords: Defense, catalyst, cleansing, directed force, Thor's hammer

Meditation: What needs protecting? What obstacle requires breakthrough force?

4. Ansuz (ᚨ) - God, Odin, Mouth

Literal Meaning: God, divine breath, mouth

Core Essence: Divine wisdom, communication, inspiration

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Messages, advice, wisdom, divine guidance, communication, inspiration, signals, learning, Odin's presence
Reversed: Miscommunication, bad advice, manipulation, blocked inspiration, not listening

Magical Use: Communication spells, wisdom seeking, divine connection

Keywords: Signals, knowledge, speech, song, poetry, divine word

Meditation: What is the divine trying to tell you? Are you listening?

5. Raidho (ᚱ) - Wagon, Journey, Riding

Literal Meaning: Wagon, riding, journey

Core Essence: Movement, rhythm, right action

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Travel, journey, movement, progress, rhythm, right path, reunion, staying on course
Reversed: Delays, wrong direction, stagnation, crisis, unexpected journey, need to change course

Magical Use: Safe travel, finding right path, progress spells

Keywords: Journey, wheel, rhythm, order, cosmic law

Meditation: Are you on your right path? What journey are you on?

6. Kenaz (ᚲ) - Torch, Fire

Literal Meaning: Torch, controlled fire

Core Essence: Knowledge, creativity, illumination

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Clarity, knowledge, creativity, inspiration, transformation, opening, technical skill, controlled energy
Reversed: Darkness, ignorance, creative block, loss, instability, lack of clarity

Magical Use: Creativity spells, illumination, transformation, learning

Keywords: Light, knowledge, craft, regeneration, inner fire

Meditation: What needs illumination? What creative fire burns within you?

7. Gebo (ᚷ) - Gift

Literal Meaning: Gift, exchange

Core Essence: Partnership, balance, sacred exchange

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Partnership, gift, generosity, balance, contracts, relationships, exchange, union (cannot be reversed - symmetrical)

Magical Use: Love spells, partnership magic, balance, contracts

Keywords: Exchange, hospitality, sacrifice, balance, relationships

Meditation: What are you giving and receiving? Is there balance?

8. Wunjo (ᚹ) - Joy

Literal Meaning: Joy, perfection

Core Essence: Happiness, harmony, success

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Joy, happiness, success, harmony, fellowship, well-being, wishes fulfilled, glory
Reversed: Sorrow, alienation, stagnation, crisis, false hope, delays in happiness

Magical Use: Happiness spells, success magic, harmony

Keywords: Joy, perfection, fellowship, harmony, prosperity

Meditation: What brings you true joy? How can you create more harmony?

Second Aett: Heimdall's Eight

The second aett relates to challenges, transformation, and natural forces.

9. Hagalaz (ᚺ) - Hail

Literal Meaning: Hail, hailstone

Core Essence: Disruption, natural forces, transformation

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Disruption, crisis, natural wrath, uncontrolled forces, transformation through destruction, breakthrough (cannot be reversed - symmetrical)

Magical Use: Breaking patterns, transformation, weather magic

Keywords: Destruction, crisis, testing, evolution, hail

Meditation: What needs to be destroyed to make way for new growth?

10. Nauthiz (ᚾ) - Need, Necessity

Literal Meaning: Need, constraint

Core Essence: Necessity, resistance, endurance

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Need, constraint, resistance, necessity, patience, endurance, lessons through hardship, friction
Reversed: Deprivation, want, poverty, emotional hunger, need to address core issues

Magical Use: Overcoming need, patience, endurance spells

Keywords: Necessity, constraint, pain, lesson, need-fire

Meditation: What do you truly need? What is necessity teaching you?

11. Isa (ᛁ) - Ice

Literal Meaning: Ice

Core Essence: Stillness, stasis, clarity

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Standstill, ice, stasis, pause, reflection, clarity through stillness, waiting, freeze (cannot be reversed - symmetrical)

Magical Use: Binding, stopping, preservation, clarity

Keywords: Ice, stillness, ego, self, concentration

Meditation: What needs to pause? What clarity comes from stillness?

12. Jera (ᛃ) - Year, Harvest

Literal Meaning: Year, harvest, season

Core Essence: Cycles, harvest, reward for effort

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Harvest, reward, cycles, natural timing, reaping what you sow, patience rewarded, good year (cannot be reversed - symmetrical)

Magical Use: Harvest magic, fertility, abundance, timing

Keywords: Harvest, cycles, seasons, peace, plenty

Meditation: What are you harvesting? What have you sown?

13. Eihwaz (ᛇ) - Yew Tree

Literal Meaning: Yew tree

Core Essence: Endurance, protection, transformation

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Endurance, protection, strength, transformation, death and rebirth, resilience, Yggdrasil connection (cannot be reversed - symmetrical)

Magical Use: Protection, endurance, transformation, connection to Yggdrasil

Keywords: Yew, endurance, reliability, trustworthiness, enlightenment

Meditation: What requires endurance? How are you transforming?

14. Perthro (ᛈ) - Dice Cup, Lot Cup

Literal Meaning: Dice cup, mystery

Core Essence: Fate, secrets, hidden knowledge

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Mystery, secrets, fate, divination, hidden knowledge, wyrd, occult abilities, initiation
Reversed: Secrets revealed, addiction, stagnation, loneliness, unwelcome surprise

Magical Use: Divination, uncovering secrets, fate magic

Keywords: Mystery, fate, fellowship, womb, dice cup

Meditation: What mysteries are unfolding? What is fate revealing?

15. Algiz (ᛉ) - Elk, Protection

Literal Meaning: Elk, protection

Core Essence: Divine protection, higher self, sanctuary

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Protection, defense, shielding, connection to divine, higher self, sanctuary, warding
Reversed: Vulnerability, hidden danger, need for caution, weakened defenses

Magical Use: Protection spells, warding, divine connection

Keywords: Protection, elk, sedge, defense, connection to gods

Meditation: How are you protected? What is your sanctuary?

16. Sowilo (ᛊ) - Sun

Literal Meaning: Sun

Core Essence: Success, vitality, wholeness

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Success, victory, life force, wholeness, clarity, honor, positive outcome assured (cannot be reversed - symmetrical)

Magical Use: Success spells, vitality, victory, healing

Keywords: Sun, success, wholeness, life force, honor

Meditation: What is your victory? How does your light shine?

Third Aett: Tyr's Eight

The third aett relates to spiritual development, community, and higher consciousness.

17. Tiwaz (ᛏ) - Tyr, Warrior

Literal Meaning: Tyr (god of war and justice)

Core Essence: Justice, honor, victory through sacrifice

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Justice, honor, leadership, victory, courage, sacrifice for greater good, righteousness, warrior spirit
Reversed: Injustice, defeat, failed communication, imbalance, lack of passion

Magical Use: Justice spells, victory, courage, leadership

Keywords: Justice, warrior, sacrifice, victory, honor

Meditation: What requires your courage? What is the honorable path?

18. Berkano (ᛒ) - Birch, Birth

Literal Meaning: Birch tree, birch goddess

Core Essence: Growth, fertility, new beginnings

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Birth, growth, fertility, new beginnings, nurturing, renewal, family, mother energy
Reversed: Family problems, anxiety, carelessness, loss of control, stagnation

Magical Use: Fertility, new beginnings, growth, nurturing

Keywords: Birch, birth, growth, regeneration, fertility

Meditation: What is being born? What needs nurturing?

19. Ehwaz (ᛖ) - Horse

Literal Meaning: Horse

Core Essence: Movement, partnership, trust

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Movement, progress, partnership, trust, harmony, teamwork, gradual development, loyalty
Reversed: Recklessness, disharmony, betrayal, mistrust, restlessness

Magical Use: Partnership, movement, trust, harmony

Keywords: Horse, movement, partnership, trust, progress

Meditation: What partnership serves you? How do you move forward together?

20. Mannaz (ᛗ) - Human, Mankind

Literal Meaning: Human, mankind

Core Essence: Self, humanity, social order

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Self, humanity, social order, intelligence, cooperation, community, self-awareness, divine structure
Reversed: Isolation, self-delusion, manipulation, cunning, mortality

Magical Use: Self-work, community, cooperation, intelligence

Keywords: Human, self, intelligence, structure, mortality

Meditation: Who are you? How do you serve humanity?

21. Laguz (ᛚ) - Water, Lake

Literal Meaning: Water, lake, sea

Core Essence: Flow, intuition, emotions

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Water, flow, intuition, psychic ability, dreams, emotions, going with flow, the unconscious
Reversed: Confusion, poor judgment, lack of creativity, fear, circular motion

Magical Use: Psychic development, emotional healing, flow, dreams

Keywords: Water, lake, flow, intuition, the unconscious

Meditation: What does your intuition say? How can you flow?

22. Ingwaz (ᛜ) - Ing, Fertility God

Literal Meaning: Ing (fertility god)

Core Essence: Completion, fertility, potential

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Completion, fertility, new beginning, gestation, internal growth, potential, rest before new phase (cannot be reversed - symmetrical)

Magical Use: Fertility, completion, new beginnings, potential

Keywords: Fertility, completion, internal growth, gestation

Meditation: What is completing? What potential is gestating?

23. Dagaz (ᛞ) - Day, Dawn

Literal Meaning: Day, daylight, dawn

Core Essence: Breakthrough, awakening, transformation

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Breakthrough, awakening, clarity, hope, transformation, new day, balance of opposites, enlightenment (cannot be reversed - symmetrical)

Magical Use: Breakthrough, transformation, clarity, new beginnings

Keywords: Day, breakthrough, awakening, balance, transformation

Meditation: What is breaking through? What new day is dawning?

24. Othala (ᛟ) - Ancestral Property, Heritage

Literal Meaning: Ancestral property, homeland

Core Essence: Heritage, home, inheritance

Divination Meanings:

Upright: Heritage, inheritance, home, ancestral property, tradition, family, roots, legacy
Reversed: Lack of customary order, totalitarianism, slavery, poverty, homelessness

Magical Use: Ancestral work, home protection, inheritance, roots

Keywords: Heritage, property, group, nation, fundamental

Meditation: What is your inheritance? What are your roots?

Using This Guide

For Readings

Look up rune meanings
But trust your intuition first
Context matters - same rune means different things in different situations
Build personal relationships with runes over time

For Study

Study one rune deeply per day/week
Meditate on the questions provided
Notice how rune manifests in your life
Journal in your Elder Futhark Runes Journal

For Magic

Choose runes for specific intentions
Combine runes (bind runes)
Carve, draw, or visualize
Work with rune energy

The Runes Speak

These meanings are guides, not rigid rules. The runes will reveal themselves to you personally. Trust your intuition. Build your own relationship with each symbol.

The ancient wisdom flows through you.

The runes are alive. Listen to what they tell you.

Deepen your rune knowledge with our Elder Futhark Tapestry, Elder Futhark Runes Journal, and Norse Rune Magic Candle. The ancient symbols await.